"Przegląd Powszechny" on the school system after Polish independence
Abstract
RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to provide insights into the views of “Przegląd Powszechny” on the principles of the Polish school system after Polish independence.
THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: In 1918, Poland had to re-create its own school system. The discussion on the model of schools was joined by the periodical “Przegląd Powszechny”, published in Krakow. The main questions in this article are: What did the authors of the magazine write about proposals for changes in education? How were they assessed? What particular issues did they pay attention to? In the analysis of the journal's content, the historical method of research into education was used.
THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The author analyzed the content of the journal issues from the autumn of 1918 to the spring of 1921, the moment at which the “March Constitution” was announced, which formulated the main lines of development of education. The article discusses chronological political events related to education and shows the reaction of the periodical to them.
RESEARCH RESULTS: Research shows that the authors of the periodical reacted rapidly to schemes for reforming Polish education. Their statements were bold, uncompromising, and critical of some of the proposals made by educational authorities. "Przegląd" focused primarily on the postulate to create a confessional public school, as well as criticizing the state monopoly on matters of education.
CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The findings show that some educational solutions introduced in Poland 100 years ago were a manifestation of the state's greater trust in its citizens than is the case now: compulsory education could be carried out at home, there was no obligatory control of private schools by the state, prospective teachers could be trained in private institutions according to their own programs, and parents had a decisive voice on the issue of raising their children.
References
(1921) Konstytucja Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Dziennik Ustaw, N. 44, 267, 633-658.
(1937) Krotoszyński Orędownik Powiatowy, 15.
(2001) The 1917 or Pio-Benedictine Code of Canon Low. San Francisco: Ignatius Press.
Aristotle (2000) Nicomachean Ethics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Dorosz, K. (2015) Apostolat intelektualny na przykładzie „Przeglądu Powszechnego”. Studia Bobolanum 1, 91-102.
Elter, E. (1920) Kilka słów o sejmowym projekcie konstytucji. Przegląd Powszechny 147-148, 216-228.
Górka, L. (2003) O. Jan Urban TJ – Prorok i teolog dialogu. In K. Kluza, S.C. Napiórkowski, K. Pek (ed.) Więksi i mniejsi prorocy Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej XX wieku. Lublin: KUL.
Krotoski, K. (1919) Kultura i lojalność obywatelska, jako przedmiot wychowania młodzieży. Przegląd powszechny, 141-142, 321-330.
Michalski, G. (2013) Dyskusje o szkolnictwie polskim okresu między wojennego na łamach jezuickiego „Przeglądu Powszechnego” w latach 1918-1939. In I. Michalska, G. Michalski Adenda do dziejów oświaty. Z badań nad prasą Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej. Łódź: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego.
Moskala, R. (1920) Przegląd piśmiennictwa. Przegląd Powszechny, 145-146, 297-301.
Paciorkiewicz, M. (1919) Niezgoda domowa w dziejach i psychice narodu polskiego. Przegląd powszechny, 141-142, 175-189.
Sokołowski, E. (1919) Szkoła a głód jako problem społeczno-państwowy. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Ministerstwa Pracy i Opieki Społecznej.
Stańczyk, P. (2016) Wykształcenie ludności II Rzeczypospolitej w świetle badań GUS. Społeczeństwo i ekonomia, 1, 7-26.
Topij-Stempińska, B. (2015) Dyskurs o rodzinie na łamach „Przeglądu Powszechnego” w II RP. Wychowanie w Rodzinie, 12, 139-154.
Urban, J. (1919a) O szkołę katolicką. Przegląd Powszechny, 141-142, 81-91.
Urban, J. (1919b) Z dziedziny polskiego prawodawstwa. Przegląd Powszechny, 141-142, 237-240.
Urban, J. (1919c) Pierwszy sejm wolnej Polski. Przegląd Powszechny, 141-142, 161-164.
Urban, J. (1919d) Walka o religijność szkoły. Przegląd Powszechny, 141-142, 470-472.
Urban, J. (1919e) Sprawozdanie z ruchu naukowego, religijnego i społecznego, Przegląd Powszechny, 141-142, 462-466.
Urban, J. (1919f) Wytyczne ustroju Polski. Przegląd Powszechny, 141-142, 401-407.
Copyright (c) 2020 Jerzy Kochanowicz
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a CC BY-NC-ND licence that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are asked to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access). We advise to use any of the following reserach society portals:
